EBITDA CAGR: -1.47% (10Y, annualized)

Over longer horizons, EBITDA CAGR averages -8.85% over 3 years and -1.55% over 5 years; the trailing 12 months came in at +8.83%. EBITDA CAGR shows how the company's operating profitability has grown before depreciation and amortization. This reflects the growth of the core business's cash-operating earnings power, independent of capital-intensity and accounting depreciation choices.